At least 773 people were killed and 2,880 injured in Goma, eastern Congo, and its surrounding areas this week amid fierce clashes with Rwanda-backed rebels who captured the city, marking a devastating escalation in the decade-long conflict.
Congolese authorities confirmed 773 bodies and 2,880 injured persons in Goma’s morgues and hospitals on Saturday, with the number likely to rise as many bodies remain unaccounted for.
According to government spokesperson Patrick Muyaya, the full extent of the casualties may never be known due to efforts by the rebels to conceal their actions, including instructing locals to clear the streets of the dead. Hundreds of residents returned to the city on Saturday, hoping for the restoration of basic services, but found their neighborhoods filled with debris, destruction, and the lingering scent of tragedy.
Muyaya told a briefing in the capital, Kinshasa, “these figures remain provisional because the rebels asked the population to clean the streets of Goma. There should be mass graves and the Rwandans took care to evacuate theirs,” said Muyaya.
Hundreds of Goma residents were returning to the city on Saturday after the rebels promised to restore basic services including water and power supply. They cleaned up the neighbourhoods littered with debris from weapons and filled with the stench of blood.
“I’m tired and don’t know which way to go. On every corner [there] is a mourner,” said Jean Marcus, 25, one of whose relatives was among those killed in the fighting.
M23 is the most potent of more than 100 armed groups vying for control in Congo’s mineral-rich east, which holds vast deposits critical to much of the world’s technology. They are backed by around 4,000 troops from neighbouring Rwanda, according to UN experts — far more than in 2012, when they first captured Goma and held it for days in a conflict driven by ethnic grievances.
As the fighting raged on with the M23 rebels Saturday, the Congolese army recaptured the villages of Sanzi, Muganzo and Mukwidja in South Kivu’s Kalehe territory, which had fallen to the rebels earlier this week, according to two civil society officials who spoke to The Associated Press on the condition of anonymity over fear for their safety.
The central African nation’s military has been weakened after it lost hundreds of troops and foreign mercenaries surrendered to the rebels after the fall of Goma.
The seizure of Goma resulted in a dire humanitarian crisis, the UN and aid group have said. Goma serves as a humanitarian hub critical for many of the six million people displaced by the conflict in eastern Congo. The rebels said they will march all the way to Congo’s capital Kinshasa, 1,600 kilometres to the west.
UN spokesman Stéphane Dujarric also told a briefing Friday that the World Health Organization and its partners conducted an assessment with Congo’s government between Jan. 26-30, and reported that 700 people have been killed and 2,800 injured in Goma and the vicinity. Dujarric confirmed to AP that the deaths occurred during those days.
The rebel advance has left in its wake extrajudicial killings and forced conscription of civilians, UN human rights office spokesman Jeremy Laurence said Friday. “We have also documented summary executions of at least 12 people by M23” from Jan. 26-28, Laurence said, adding that the group has also occupied schools and hospitals in the province and are subjecting civilians to forced conscription and forced labour.
Congolese forces have also been accused of sexual violence as fighting rages on in the region, Laurence said, adding the UN is verifying reports that Congolese troops raped 52 women in South Kivu.
Goma’s capture has brought humanitarian operations to “a standstill, cutting off a vital lifeline for aid delivery across eastern [Congo],” said Rose Tchwenko, country director for the Mercy Corps aid group in Congo.
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